Harry W. Gardiner

 

Professor Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin-La Crosse, where he designed and taught courses in cross-cultural psychology, child development, humor in education, and international studies for twenty-seven years. His undergraduate degree is from American International College, in Springfield, Massachusetts; his M.A. is from the University of Hawaii; and his Ph.D. is from Manchester University in England. He has engaged in training, teaching, and research in Europe, Asia, and the United States and has traveled to more than seventy countries. Dr. Gardiner was a charter member of the International Association for Cross-Cultural Psychology, served as president of the Society for Cross-Cultural Research, and is a consulting editor for the Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology. In addition to publishing articles in a wide variety of journals and participating in national and international meetings, he has coauthored more than a dozen chapters on cross-cultural topics for other books.

 

 

Corinne Kosmitzki. 

 

Dr. KosmitzkiI was born and raised in Germany. Her interest in the lives of people led her to study clinical and counseling psychology at the Universität Münster. She earned her Ph.D. in psychology at the University of California at Berkeley. As an international student, she experienced many of the challenges discussed in this book. She has been able to share these experiences with other international students in workshops and seminars held at various universities. After being an active teacher and researcher at universities in Virginia, New Jersey, and Texas, she has returned to California. At the University of California at Berkeley, she continues to work with students and faculty from many different cultural and national backgrounds. Her travel has taken her to most of Western and Eastern Europe and North America

“Covering all of the major developmental topics from cradle to grave, they take the reader through the labyrinth of lives that work and play and, unfortunately, fight through occasional major crises and the vexing problems of growing up. The style and tone of the book is genuinely comfortable. Reading it is like having a friendly dialogue with gentle and caring friends.”

 

From the Forward by Walter J. Lonner

Western Washington University

 

 

“To our knowledge this book has no competition, and is unique … It is unusual for a book to change a curriculum, but rather than being written to fill a demand for classes in cross-cultural human development, it appears that these courses are being created at various universities because Gardiner and Kozmitzki published this text … As Lonner writes in the foreword, the field is changing quickly and significantly, and LAC is in great hands as Gardiner and Kosmitzki reflect this change in each new edition.”

 

David W. Shwalb and Barbara J. Shwalb

Southeastern Louisiana University

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Foreword Walter J. Lonner    

Preface    

About the Authors    

   

Chapter 1

Introduction    

                What Is Cross-Cultural Human Development?    

Cross-Cultural Human Development and the Other Social Sciences    

Some Important Themes  

Practical Applications    

Overview of the Book   

Some Cross-Cultural Teasers    

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings   

   

Chapter 2

Theories and Methodology    

Theories of Development  

Methodology in Cross-Cultural Human Development

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis    

   

Chapter 3

Culture and Socialization 

                Ecological context

                Some Cultural Variations in the Socialization of Behavior

Infancy

Childhood

Adolescence

Adulthood

Late Adulthood

Summary

Study Questions

Further Readings

Developmental Analysis           

            Summary

            Study Questions

            Further Readings

            Developmental Analysis

 

Chapter 4

The Family in Cultural Context   

            Ecological Context  

            Cultural Variations in the Family Life Cycle 

            The Birth Process Across Cultures 

            The Transition to Parenthood    

            Parenting Infants and Children 

            Parenting Adolescents

            Adulthood and Aging                                   

The Changing Context of Families   

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis   

   

Chapter 5

Culture, Language, and Cognition    

      Ecological Context: The Language-Cognition-Culture Link   

            Infancy  

            Childhood 

            Adolescence

            Adulthood

            Late Adulthood

            Summary    

            Study Questions    

            Further Readings    

            Developmental Analysis   

   

Chapter 6

Culture, Self, and Personality    

 Ecological Context, Temperament, Personality, and Self

      Temperament and Heritability of Traits

      The Self: Some Cultural Perspectives

Infancy

      Temperament, Ecological Systems, and the Developmental Niche

      Temperament and “Goodness of Fit”

Childhood

       The Emerging Self-Concept

       Self-Esteem and Self-Efficacy           

Adolescence

       Identity Formation

       Social Identity Formation

Adulthood

       A Time of Stability and Change

Late Adulthood

       Personbality Changes in Senescence or Illness

       The “Aging” Self

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis    

 

Chapter 7

Culture and Social Behavior    

Ecological Context

Infancy

      Child-Caretaker Relationships and Attachment Patterns

      The Secure-Base Hypothesis

      The Sensitivity Hypothesis

      Moderators of Attachment and Social Development

Childhood

     Peer Culture and Social Relationships

     Moral Development and Prosocial Orientation

     Cultural Influences on Caring and Justice Orientation 

     Aggression

Adolescence

     Family and Peer Influences on Adolescent Social Behavior

     Cultural Influences on Adolescent Social Behavior          

Adulthood

     Work and Leisure in Middle Adulthood

      Sport as a Social Phenomenom         

Late Adulthood

     Attachment, Social Support, and Well-Being in later Adulthood

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis    

   

CHAPTER 8

Culture and Issues of Gender and Sexuality    

Ecological Context: Theoretical Perspectives on GENDER Gender Differences

     Biologicakl Perspectives

     Evolutionary Perspectives

     Socialization and Learning Perspectives 

Infancy

     Sex Preference and Sex Ratio at Birth 

Childhood

     Gender Socialization

     Cultural Influences on Female and Male Socialization

     Gender Relationships in Childhood 

Adolescence

     Markers of Sexual Maturation

     Gender, Sexuality, and Cultural Taboos

Adulthood

     Status and the Division of Labor Within the Family

     Division of Labor in the Worforce

     Gender Relations in Social Status and Public Policy

Later Adulthood

     The Experience of Menopause

     Divorce and Widowhood

     Gender Roles and Status in Old Age

            Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis    

   

CHAPTER 9

Culture, Health, and illness    

Ecological Context: Cultural Concepts of Health and Healing

     Cultural-Bound Syndromes

     Medical Diagnosis Across Cultures

     Illness, Stress, and Coping 

Infancy

     Risks to Infant Health 

Childhood

     Childhood Obesity

     Childhood Mental Health

     Ecological Influences on Early Coping Behavior    

Adolescence

     Eating Disorders

     Culture and Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)

Adulthood

     Mental Health Issues

     Acculturation and Adaptation  

Later Adulthood

     Disease and Premature Aging

     Cultural Views on Dementia and Alzheimer’s Disease

     Coping with Chronic Illness in Older Age

     The “Good” Death

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

Developmental Analysis    

   

   

Chapter 10

Future trends and applications

Looking Back: A Review of Major Themes and Theories

     Ecological Model

     Developmental Niche

     Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory

     Piaget’s Cognitive Developmental Theory

     Kohlberg’s Theory of Moral Development

     Erikson’s Theory of Psychosocial Development

Where Do We Go from Here?    

Summary    

Study Questions    

Further Readings    

 

References    

Author Index    

Subject Index  

 

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